Informatics Publishing Limited

B. H. Shah ¹, D. N. Mukhtiar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Dermatology & Venereology, B.J. Medical College & Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, IN
2 Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, IN

Abstract

Abstract not Given.

Keywords

No Keywords given

Full Text

     

Nelson F. Parmar ¹, B. H. Shah ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, L.D. of Engineering and Technology, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

‘Process Modification’ refers to the development of radical technologies for the miniaturization of process plants while achieving the same production objective as in bulky conventional processes. The goal is to bring down the plant size by 10-1000 times by replacing large, expensive and energy-intensive equipment or processes with ones that are smaller, less costly and more efficient. Hybridization of multiple unit operations and processes into a single compact device is the rule of thumb for process intensification.

The objective of the paper is to Modify, Intensify and Energy Efficient process in dye manufacturing units in Gujarat. The focus of the study is to minimize wastes, to improve energy efficiency and improve the process practices/cycles to optimize resource utilization.

Keywords

Process Modification, Intensify, Conventional Process, Energy Efficient, Minimize Waste.

Full Text

   

K. K. Dhamecha ¹, B. H. Shah ¹, R. N. Desai ², P. K. Patel ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, L.D. College of Engg, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, IN
2 Rubber Technology Department, L.D.College of Engg, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, IN
3 Roselabs Biopolymers Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Butyl rubber (polyisobutylene-co-isoprene (IIR)) is a very important commercial elastomer with many desirable physical properties, such as low air permeability and broad damping properties. The principal uses of this material are in the tire industry for the preparation of inner tubes and inner liners of passenger car tires. Despite these unique properties, there are some deficiencies associated with this polymer, mainly poor compatibility with other materials, including elastomer, plastics and carbon black. This poor compatibility greatly limits the application of butyl rubber in many application areas. In fact, the improvement of interfacial adhesion among butyl rubber has been an intense research area for some time. On other hand, polyolefin elastomers (POEs) are available with properties ranging from amorphous to crystalline, and low to very high molecular weight, providing superior elasticity, toughness and low temperature ductility and offer a unique combination of flexibility and toughness, making them a material of choice for a wide variety of applications. They are versatile polymers that offer excellent adhesion at high and low temperatures, outstanding processability, and superior levels of performance in packaging and other applications. Further advantages include optimize processing and end-use performance, excellent thermal stability and UV resistance. POE’s cover a range of melt index and comonomer content (density) for use in several applications. The cost effectiveness of POE is limited by the combination of reduced flowability and/or softness requirements. The ability to extend POE with conventional process oils allows greater flexibility to compounder to tailor the performance of the product. Here retention of physical properties can be achieved by increased molecular weight of POE with addition of oil without compromising with processibility. Here the research is being made on the binary blend containing IIR and POE (IIR/POE blend). The work is to be done for testing an array of compounded butyl rubber with 10%, 15%, and 20% POE. It is to be expected that the IIR/POE blend will have dramatically better properties as POE levels rise. This development in the area of butyl rubber/POE blend may give the more advantageous characteristics of the presently available butyl compound without compromising the processibility characteristics of parent compound at moderate cost. Thus the modified form of butyl can have a set of more desirable properties and therefore it may be used more advantageously.

Keywords

Polymer Blend, Butyl Rubber, BIIR, Polyolefin Elastomer (POE).

Full Text

   

Bhoomi Trivedi ¹, B. H. Shah ¹

Affiliations
1 Chemical Engineering Department, L.D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad-380015, IN

Abstract

The manufacturing Process of Active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) pharmaceutical process development process definition & objective is explained in detail. Different scale up perspectives will be explained for the pharmaceutical process development.

What parameters mainly changes during the scale up related to length, time and mixing are explained. Chemical process safety prevention is better to take care during the development stage and safe process development during the scale up. Effect of various process parameters like cooling capacities for different vessels and adiabatic temperature different for different vessels studies have been carried out. For most highly exothermic reaction which kind of risk assessment studies need to do that is mentioned. How calorimetry is being used for the calculation of heat of reaction mixture (Q) explained in detail. How calorimetry is directly or indirectly being used for mass transfer, heat transfer, mixing, concentration and dosing speed calculation. It also shows how this thing being connected to rate of reaction explained in detail. Case study relevant to this is explained in detail with graphs and related results. Batch reactor scale up designing from process side is explained with one of the case study for batch kind of stirr tank reactor with 4-balde pitch blade turbine. Drying scale up calculation is shown for one of the case. This thing is explained with the conclusion. Paper includes relevant references.

Keywords

Scale up Introduction, Highly Exothermic Reaction, Batch Reactor Scale up Design, Drying Scale up.

Full Text